Guttapercha can quite easily be removed with the present generation of rotary files. The Profile 06 No. 40 is sufficiently strong and yet comes easily in almost all canals. A single cone gutta-percha style can undoubtedly also be removed with a Hedström file. The file is turned to the right to apical and is then drawn back. Then the file has bedded itself in the gutta-percha style.
Also carrier born gutta-percha canal fillings can easily be removed with the help of a Profile 06 No. 40. However, now it is necessary indeed to increase the rpm of the Profile substantially, which runs excellently with 300 rpm. Sometimes the carrier remains somewhere on the canal wall. With a thin pair of tweezers or a special pointed little forceps, the carrier can often be pulled out. Sometimes also the IRS-system can be of great use here. Consequently, it is important to keep the carrier unbroken. However, care must be taken that the Profile does not corrode itself suddenly in the gutta-percha and reaches beyond the apex. A sudden corrosion of a Rotary file in the gutta-percha can also cause firm externally levelled forces on the radix, which can result in a root fracture! Of course, Gates Glidden Drills are also very well able to remove a part of the old canal filling. However, their disadvantage is that root bends are not followed well, which sometimes produce a ledge or step which later on can only be passed with great effort. An operating microscope is indispensable then.
Solvents to soften the gutta-percha or to dissolve the root canal concrete can make the cleaning of the canals easy.